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Père-Lachaise is the largest cemetery in central Paris and one of the most famous in the world. Located in the 20th arrondissement of the city, many famous people are buried.
This cemetery is the subject of a classification under the historical monuments since 24 June 1993.
The Prefect of Paris decreed the transformation of 17 hectares of Mont-Louis in the cemetery of the East. The design of the cemetery was given to the neo-classical architect Théodore Alexandre Brongniart in 1803.
On 21 May 1804, the cemetery was officially opened by the first burial, that of a little girl of five years, Adelaide Paillard de Villeneuve, daughter of a door-bell of Faubourg Saint-Antoine. It was originally intended to Parisians of one of the four districts of the right bank (the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th at the time), in common grave or perpetual. But the cemetery was not for the Parisians, who were reluctant to be buried on the heights, more outside Paris, and in an area renowned popular and poor.
In 1804, the Père-Lachaise only 13 graves. The following year, there were only 44 and 49 in 1806, 62 in 1807 and 833 in 1812.
During the Commune of Paris in May 1871, the Père-Lachaise was the scene of a real civil war, due to its strategic location on the hill. The Federated set up their artillery in the heart of the cemetery, but were quickly surrounded by Versaillais Thiers on one side and the Germans on the other. The 147 survivors were shot on 28 May 1871 in front of the wall which was then called Federated wall, south of the cemetery.
In 1895 the monument to the dead of Albert Bartholomew purchased by the City of Paris salon du Petit-Champ de Mars in 1895 is installed at Père-Lachaise Cemetery. |
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